Antimicrobial Potential Activity of Onion (Allium Cepa) Waste Extracts Prepared in Different Solvent Systems
Abstract
The antimicrobial properties of onion waste against common food-borne microorganisms were the subject of this study. Using polar (ethanol) and non-polar (hexane) solvents, onion waste samples were collected, dried, and removed. The concentrates were gone after for antimicrobial development against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus niger using the agar well scattering system. Hexane removes lacked antimicrobial properties, whereas ethanol separates displayed barrier zones against the two microscopic organisms and growths. Restraint zones of 1.4-1.6 cm were created for S. aureus, 1.4 cm for E. coli, and 1.0 cm for A. niger by the ethanol extricate. These results show that, particularly in polar concentrates, onion waste contains bioactive mixtures with antimicrobial properties. The revelations suggest expected applications for onion waste isolates as typical antimicrobial experts in food protection, medications, agribusiness, and various endeavours. Further investigation is legitimate to perceive and portray the specific antimicrobial combinations present in onion waste removers.
Keywords:
Antimicrobial Potential, Onion Waste Extracts, Solvent Systems, Phenolic Compounds, Flavonoids, Antioxidants, Quercetin, Bacterial Infections
References
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36. Fredotović Ž, Puizina J, Nazlić M, Maravić A, Ljubenkov I, Soldo B, et al. Phytochemical characterization and screening of antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties of allium × cornutum clementi and two varieties of allium cepa l. Peel extracts. Plants. 2021;10(5):1–15.
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2. Chakraborty AJ, Uddin TM, Zidan BMRM, Mitra S, Das R, Nainu F, et al. Allium cepa : A Treasure of Bioactive Phytochemicals with Prospective Health Benefits. 2022;2022.
3. Kumar M, Barbhai MD, Hasan M, Punia S, Dhumal S, Radha, et al. Onion (Allium cepa L.) peels: A review on bioactive compounds and biomedical activities. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;146.
4. Chernukha I, Kupaeva N, Kotenkova E, Khvostov D. Differences in Antioxidant Potential of Allium cepa Husk of Red, Yellow, and White Varieties. Antioxidants. 2022;11(7):1–15.
5. Celano R, Docimo T, Piccinelli AL, Gazzerro P, Tucci M, Di Sanzo R, et al. Onion peel: Turning a food waste into a resource. Antioxidants. 2021;10(2):1–18.
6. Kumar M, Barbhai MD, Hasan M, Dhumal S, Singh S, Pandiselvam R, et al. Onion (Allium cepa L.) peel: A review on the extraction of bioactive compounds, its antioxidant potential, and its application as a functional food ingredient. J Food Sci. 2022;87(10):4289–311.
7. Behera BC. Citric acid from Aspergillus niger: a comprehensive overview. Crit Rev Microbiol [Internet]. 2020;46(6):727–49. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2020.1828815
8. Behera BC, Mishra R, Mohapatra S. Microbial citric acid: Production, properties, application, and future perspectives. Food Front. 2021;2(1):62–76.
9. Silhavy TJ, Kahne D, Walker S. The Bacterial Cell Envelope1 T. J. Silhavy, D. Kahne and S. Walker, . Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol [Internet]. 2010;2:1–16. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2857177/pdf/cshperspect-PRK-a000414.pdf
10. Davies J. Origins and evolution of antibiotic resistance. Microbiology. 1996;12(1):9–16.
11. Martínez JL. Effect of antibiotics on bacterial populations: A multi-hierachical selection process. F1000Research. 2017;6(0):1–10.
12. Salem MA, Mohamed OG, Mosalam EM, Elberri AI, Abdel-Bar HM, Hassan M, et al. Investigation of the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-osteoarthritis, and wound healing activities of selected vegetable waste. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2023;13(1):1–25. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38591-y
13. Joković N, Matejić J, Zvezdanović J, Stojanović-Radić Z, Stanković N, Mihajilov-Krstev T, et al. Onion Peel is a Potential Source of Antioxidants and Antimicrobial Agents. Agronomy. 2024;14(3).
14. Badri S, K S, A J, N S, G I, M S charan, et al. A review on columns used in chromatography. J Multidiscip Res. 2023;3(3):17–23.
15. Catani M, Felletti S, Franchina FA. Separation techniques. Metabolomics Perspect From Theory to Pract Appl. 2022;63–108.
16. Coskun O. Separation Tecniques: CHROMATOGRAPHY. North Clin Istanbul. 2016;3(2):156–60.
17. Patro SK, Salipur IPT, Chromatography A. BP701T Instrumental Method of Analysis Unit III : :1–37.
18. MUTHYALA BALA KRISHNA Asst. Professor, COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY. Pharm Anal VIPW.
19. Abubakar AR, Haque M. Preparation of Medicinal Plants: Basic Extraction and Fractionation Procedures for Experimental Purposes. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2020;12(1):1–10.
20. Tests G, XV J. GENERAL TESTS, PROCESSES AND APPARATUS. :17–8.
21. Equation F, Prsim G laser, Prism G laser, Prism G laser, Prism G laser, Prsim G laser. Experiment 7 、PREPARATION OF MEDIA. 2010;(1).
22. Agarwal VP, Sharma NK, Centre PB. Compendium on Advances in Plant Tissue Culture and. 2021;(March).
23. Saleh TB. Technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals. Basic Sci Nucl Med. 2011;(466):41–53.
24. McNeil B, Harvey LM. Practical Fermentation Technology. Practical Fermentation Technology. 2008.
25. Arabia S, Wankhade V. An International Peer Reviewed Open Access Journal For Rapid Publication. 2013;2(498).
26. Mayegowda SB, Ng M, Alghamdi S, Atwah B, Alhindi Z, Islam F. Role of Antimicrobial Drug in the Development of Potential Therapeutics. Evidence-based Complement Altern Med. 2022;2022.
27. Duda-Chodak A, Tarko T, Petka-Poniatowska K. Antimicrobial Compounds in Food Packaging. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(3).
28. Wu PH, Chang HX, Shen YM. Effects of synthetic and environmentally friendly fungicides on powdery mildew management and the phyllosphere microbiome of cucumber. PLoS One [Internet]. 2023;18(3 March):1–16. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282809
29. Sagar NA, Pareek S, Benkeblia N, Xiao J. Onion (Allium cepa L.) bioactives: Chemistry, pharmacotherapeutic functions, and industrial applications. Food Front. 2022;3(3):380–412.
30. Benkeblia N. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil extracts of various onions (Allium cepa) and garlic (Allium sativum). Lwt. 2004;37(2):263–8.
31. Sagar NA, Pareek S. Antimicrobial assessment of polyphenolic extracts from onion (Allium cepa L.) skin of fifteen cultivars by sonication-assisted extraction method. Heliyon [Internet]. 2020;6(11):e05478. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05478
32. Dorrigiv M, Zareiyan A, Hosseinzadeh H. Onion (Allium cepa) and its main constituents as antidotes or protective agents against natural or chemical toxicities: A comprehensive review. Iran J Pharm Res. 2021;20(1):3–26.
33. Slimestad R, Fossen T, Vågen IM. Onions: A source of unique dietary flavonoids. J Agric Food Chem. 2007;55(25):10067–80.
34. Sharma K, Mahato N, Lee YR. Systematic study on active compounds as antibacterial and antibiofilm agent in aging onions. J Food Drug Anal [Internet]. 2018;26(2):518–28. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2017.06.009
35. Fashola MO, Opere BO, Saibu GM, Bello OO, Yovoyan TS, Usman OF. Antibacterial Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Onion (Allium Cepa) And Garlic (Allium Sativum) On Some Clinical Bacterial Isolates. J Res Rev Sci. 2018;5(1).
36. Fredotović Ž, Puizina J, Nazlić M, Maravić A, Ljubenkov I, Soldo B, et al. Phytochemical characterization and screening of antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties of allium × cornutum clementi and two varieties of allium cepa l. Peel extracts. Plants. 2021;10(5):1–15.
37. Nguyen TLA, Bhattacharya D. Antimicrobial Activity of Quercetin: An Approach to Its Mechanistic Principle. Molecules. 2022;27(8).
38. Aghababaei F, Hadidi M. Recent Advances in Potential Health Benefits of Quercetin. Pharmaceuticals. 2023;16(7):1–31.
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18/08/2024
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Yash, S., Gourav, T., & Sandhya, T. (2024). Antimicrobial Potential Activity of Onion (Allium Cepa) Waste Extracts Prepared in Different Solvent Systems. The Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 4(2), 14-27. https://doi.org/10.37022/tjmdr.v4i2.621
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