Evaluation of the Nephroprotective Activity of Extract Leaves of Allium Cepa in Swiss Albino Mice with Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity: In Vivo Study

Rajeev P; Meher Jyothi B

doi:10.37022/jiaps.v11i3.983

P. Rajeev Department of Pharmacology, Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Scinces, Tagarapuvalasa, Vizayanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
B. Meher Jyothi Department of Pharmacology, Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Scinces, Tagarapuvalasa, Vizayanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v11i3.983

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the nephroprotective potential of the ethanolic extract of Allium cepa against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Thirty healthy male Wistar rats weighing 150–200 g were randomly divided into five groups of six animals each. Group I served as the normal control, while Group II received gentamicin (80 mg/kg, i.p.) to induce nephrotoxicity. Groups III–V received a standard drug and ethanolic extract of Allium cepa at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively, along with gentamicin for 10 days. On day 11, blood samples were collected for biochemical estimation, and the kidneys were excised for histopathological examination. Gentamicin administration resulted in marked renal dysfunction, evidenced by significant increases in blood urea, uric acid, and serum creatinine levels, accompanied by histopathological alterations in the renal tissues. Treatment with Allium cepa extract significantly attenuated these biochemical changes and improved the histological architecture of the kidneys in a dose-dependent manner, with the higher dose showing greater protective activity. The findings demonstrate that the ethanolic extract of Allium cepa possesses promising nephroprotective activity against gentamicin-induced renal injury. Further investigations are required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and identify the active phytoconstituents responsible for this protective effect.

Keywords: Allium cepa, Nephrotoxicity, Nephroprotective activity, Gentamicin, Wistar rats, Serum creatinine

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