Determination of Antioxidants by Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Dianthus Barbatus

Ramya Varshini D; Meher Jyothi B

doi:10.37022/jiaps.v11i3.981

D. Ramya Varshini Department of Pharmacology, Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Scinces, Tagarapuvalasa, Vizayanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
B. Meher Jyothi Department of Pharmacology, Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Scinces, Tagarapuvalasa, Vizayanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v11i3.981

Abstract

Antioxidants play an important role in protecting biological systems from oxidative damage by neutralizing free radicals and inhibiting oxidation processes. Medicinal plants are recognized as valuable sources of naturally occurring bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant properties. The present study was undertaken to investigate the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Dianthus barbatus leaf extracts prepared using aqueous and alcoholic solvents. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts demonstrated the presence of several secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, gums, flavonoids, saponins, reducing sugars, and tannins. The antioxidant potential of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts was evaluated using different in vitro antioxidant models, including ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), metal-chelating activity, DPPH radical-scavenging activity, superoxide radical-scavenging activity, and hydrogen peroxide-scavenging activity. The findings indicated that both extracts exhibited antioxidant activity, although the alcoholic leaf extract demonstrated comparatively greater activity across the evaluated antioxidant assays. The observed antioxidant effects may be associated with the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and other phenolic constituents capable of donating hydrogen atoms or electrons and thereby neutralizing reactive oxygen species. The results suggest that Dianthus barbatus leaves may represent a promising natural source of antioxidant phytoconstituents. Further investigations involving isolation, purification, structural characterization, and individual assessment of the bioactive constituents are warranted to establish the compounds primarily responsible for the observed antioxidant activity and to explore their potential pharmacological applications.

Keywords: Dianthus barbatus, phytochemicals, antioxidant activity, flavonoids, DPPH, FRAP, free radicals

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