Antiulcer Activity of Methanolic Extract of Salvadora Indica (W.) Leaves and Its Comparison with Ranitidine in Shay Rat

Sampath Kumar R; Madhavi Kumari M

doi:10.37022/jiaps.v11i3.976

R.Sampath Kumar Department of Pharmacology, Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Scinces, Tagarapuvalasa, Vizayanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
M.Madhavi Kumari Department of Pharmacology, Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Scinces, Tagarapuvalasa, Vizayanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v11i3.976

Abstract

Peptic ulcer is a common gastrointestinal disorder associated with an imbalance between aggressive factors, such as gastric acid and pepsin, and the protective mechanisms of the gastric mucosa. Traditional systems of medicine have long utilized medicinal plants for the management of gastrointestinal disorders, including peptic ulcers. In view of the therapeutic potential of herbal medicines, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Salvadora indica leaves (AQSI and ALSI) in experimentally induced gastric ulcer models in rats. The anti-ulcer activity of AQSI and ALSI was evaluated at a dose of 250 mg/kg using three experimental ulcer models: alcohol-induced, paracetamol-induced, and forced-immersion stress-induced gastric ulcers. Ranitidine at 50 mg/kg was used as the standard drug. Gastric lesions were assessed by determining the ulcer index, while gastric mucus content was evaluated in the alcohol-induced ulcer model. Pretreatment with both AQSI and ALSI produced a significant reduction in gastric lesion formation and ulcer index in the alcohol-induced ulcer model, along with an increase in gastric mucus content. Both extracts also demonstrated significant protection against paracetamol-induced gastric ulcers and stress-induced ulceration. The observed effects were dose dependent and were comparable with the standard anti-ulcer drug. The findings indicate that aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Salvadora indica leaves possess significant anti-ulcer activity. The protective effect may be attributed to a combination of cytoprotective and antisecretory mechanisms, including enhancement of gastric mucosal defense and reduction of gastric aggressive factors. These results support the traditional use of Salvadora indica in the management of gastrointestinal disorders and suggest its potential as a source of anti-ulcer agents.

Keywords: Salvadora indica, anti-ulcer activity, antisecretory, cytoprotective, gastric ulcer,, alcohol-induced ulcer, paracetamol-induced ulcer, stress-induced ulcer

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