Evaluation of the Hepatoprotective Activity of Andrographis Paniculata against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Toxicity in Albino Rats

Uma Amrutha Nadimpalli; Madhavi Kumari M

doi:10.37022/jiaps.v11i3.974

Nadimpalli Uma Amrutha Department of Pharmacology, Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Scinces, Tagarapuvalasa, Vizayanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
M. Madhavi Kumari Department of Pharmacology, Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Scinces, Tagarapuvalasa, Vizayanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

DOI https://doi.org/10.37022/jiaps.v11i3.974

Abstract

Liver diseases represent a significant global health challenge and are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Herbal medicines have attracted considerable attention as potential hepatoprotective agents because of their therapeutic efficacy and relatively low incidence of adverse effects. The present study was undertaken to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata against carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.Albino rats were orally administered the ethanolic leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight for five consecutive days. Hepatic injury was induced by subcutaneous administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) on the second and third days of the experimental period. The hepatoprotective effect of the extract was compared with that of silymarin, a standard hepatoprotective drug. Liver function was evaluated by estimating serum biochemical markers, including serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin, using standard biochemical kits and a semi-automatic biochemical analyzer.Treatment with the ethanolic leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata significantly attenuated CCl₄-induced hepatic damage. The extract markedly (p < 0.01) reduced the elevated levels of SGPT, SGOT, ALP, ACP, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin when compared with the CCl₄-treated group. Histopathological examination of liver tissues further confirmed the hepatoprotective effect by demonstrating restoration of normal hepatic architecture and reduced cellular degeneration. The results of the present study indicate that the ethanolic leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata possesses significant hepatoprotective activity against CCl₄-induced liver injury in albino rats and may serve as a promising natural therapeutic agent for the management of liver disorders.

Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, hepatoprotective activity, ethanolic leaf extract, carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄), hepatotoxicity, albino rats

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