Congenital Prosopagnosia: Face Blindness
Abstract
A lifelong and severe weakening of face processing that is evident from birth is known as congenital prosopagnosia (CP), and it disregards intact visual and intellectual ability. The fusiform gyrus, which especially stimulates in reaction to faces, is the brain region typically linked to prosopagnosia. Because of the fusiform gyrus's functions, most people can distinguish faces from similarly complicated inanimate items with greater detail. The strategy used by people with prosopagnosia to recognize faces relies on their less sensitive object recognition system. Conversant facial recognition involves the right hemisphere fusiform gyrus more frequently than the left. Acquired prosopagnosia, which is most commonly encountered in adults, is caused by damage to the occipitotemporal lobe. It is unknown if this impairment is limited to the fusiform gyrus's role in face recognition or if it is also complex in highly handled visual stimuli. Prosopagnosia is divided into two categories: associative and apperceptive. The person with congenital prosopagnosia never fully acquires the ability to distinguish faces. Research on neuropsychology in great detail revealed that people with CP perform less well on face tasks such as matching faces, encoding/retrieving new faces, and counting renowned faces. Using ERP for neurophysiological analysis, it was discovered that people with CP generally had lower voltage of the N170 component, which is a sign of face processing in the temporal lobe. Nonetheless, among people with CP, there were significant differences in the N170 values.
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