Medicinal value of Lagenaria siceraria: An overview
Abstract
Cucurbitaceae family is major source of medicinal agents since ancient time. Various plants parts including fruits of this family have been established for their pharmacological potential. Different parts (leaves, stem, flower, root, seeds and even whole plant) of Lagenaria siceraria (known as lauki in Hindi), has been used in the ointment for ailment of various diseases throughout India. The fruit of cultivated Lagenaria siceraria is the good source of different nutrients components like protein, fat, fibre, carbohydrates, calcium, magnesium. The plant has also been suggested to possess antioxidant activity, laxative, cardioprotective, diuretic, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, central nervous system stimulant, anthelmintic, antihypertensive, immunosuppressive analgesic, adaptogenic and free radical scavenging activity. Boiled in oil this pulp is used to treat rheumatism and insomnia. A wide range of chemical compounds including sterols, terpenoids, flavonoids and saponins have been isolated from the species. Its extracts have been found to possess various pharmacological activities. Below, we give a comprehensive review of its ethnomedical uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological profile as a medicinal plant that covers its traditional and folk medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology profile.
Keywords:
Chemical Constituents, Cucurbitaceae, Ethnomedical, Lagenaria siceraria
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References
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2. Sirohi P S, sivakami N. genetic diversity in cucurbits. Indian Hort 1991; 36: 45-463.
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4. Kubde MS, Khadabadi SS, Farooqui IA, Deore SL, Lagenaria siceraria: Phytochemistry, pharmacognosy and pharmacological studies. Report and Opinion 2010; 2: 91-98.
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8. Shirwaikar A. Chemical investigation and antihepatotoxic activity of the fruits of Lagenaria siceraria. Indian J Pharm Sci 1996; 58: 197-202.
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10. Baranoswka KM, Cisowski W. HPLC determination of flavone-C glycosides in some species of Cucurbitaceae family. J Chromatogram 1994; 675:240-243.
11. Chen CR, Chen HW, Chang CI. D: C-Friedooleanane-Type Triterpenoids from Lagenaria siceraria and their cytotoxic activity. Chem Pharm Bull 2008; 56: 385-388.
12.Kaushik Ghosh. Structural identification and cytotoxic activity of a polysaccharide from the fruits of Lagenaria siceraria (Lau). Carbohydr Res 2009; 344: 693-698.
13. Wang HX, Ng TB. Lagenin, a novel ribosome inactivating protein with ribonucleatic activity from bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) seeds. Life Sci 2000; 67: 2631-2638.
14. Khare CP. Indian Herbal Remedies: Rational Western Therapy, Ayurvedic and other traditional usage.1st edition, springer publisher, New York 2004: 522.
15. Ghule BV, Ghante MH, Yeole PG, Saoji AN. Diuretic activity of Lagenaria siceraria fruit extracts in rat. Indian J Pharm Sci 2007; 69: 817-819.
16. Saha P, Mazumder UK, Haldar PK, Islam A, Kumar RBS. Evaluation of acute and subchronic toxicity of lagenaria siceraria aerial parts. Int J Pharma Sci Res 2011; 2: 1507-1512.
17. Ghule BV, Ghante MH, Saoji AN, Yeole PG. Antihyperlipidemic effect of the methanolic extract from Lageraria siceraria fruit in hyperlipidemic rats. J Ethopharmacol 2009; 15:333.
18. Shah BN, Seth AK. Pharmacognostic studies of the Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) standley. Int J Pharm Tecnol Res 2010; 2:121-124.
19. Jayashree C, Khairnar PP, Chaudhary SR. Central nervous system activity of different extracts of Lagenaria siceraria (MOL) standl. leaves parts. Inter J Pharmaceu Res Develop 2010; 2: 1-12
20. Mali VR, Bodhankar SL. Effect of Lagenaria siceraria (LS) powder on dexamethasone induced hypertension in rats. Int J Advances Pharm Sci 2010; 1:50-53.
21. Saha P, Mazumdar UK, Haldar PK, Sen S.K, Naskar S. Antihyperglycemic activity of Lageraria Siceraria aerial parts on streptozotocin induce diabetes in rats. Original research article 2011; 40: 49-50.
22. Anaga AO, Ezeja MI, Amuzie CJ. Investigation of the aqueous fruit extract of Lagenaria siceraria for pharmacological activities in vitro and in vivo. Interl J Curr Res 2011; 8(2) 23.
23. Fard MH, Bodhankar SL, Dikshut M. Cardioprotective activity of fruit of Lageraria siceraria (molina) standley on Doxorubicin induced cardiotoxiicity in rats. Inter J Pharmacol 2008; 4: 466-471.
24. Duke JA. Handbook of biologically active phytochemicals and their activities. Boca Raton,FL CRC Press 1992.
25. Sanjana. Bottle gourd-gourd against diseases. Nutrihealth 2008.
26. Minocha S. An Overview on Lagenaria Siceraria (Bottle Gourd). Biomed Pharmaceu Res 2015; 4: 04-10.
27. Ahmed D, Ejaz N, Saeed R, Dar P. Cooking Effect on Anti-oxidative and alpha-amylase Inhibitory Potential of
Aqueous extract of Lagenaria siceraria fruit and its nutritional properties. Free Radicals Antioxid 2016; 6: 44-50.
28. Hasmukhlal TJ, Das SD, Amrutlal PC, Kantilal JG. Evaluation of antimutagenic potential of Lagenaria siceraria, Desmodium gangeticum and Leucas aspera. PTB Reports 2016; 2: 56-60.
29. Sharma D, Goel HC, Chauhan S. Radioprotective potential of Lagenaria siceraria extract against radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury. Appl Physiol, Nutr Metab 2016; 41: 1248-1254.
30. Dash P, Maharana L, Ghosh G. Proteolytic and milk clotting activity of fractionated protein of Lagenaria siceraria. J Appl Pharml Sci 2015; 5: 086-091.
31. Essien EE, Antia BS, Peter NS. Lagenaria Siceraria (Molina) Standley. Total polyphenols and antioxidant activity of seed oils of bottle gourd cultivars. World J Pharm Res 2015; 4: 274-285.
32. Kota K, Kumar S, Tahashildar J, Tahashildar J, Ahmed SY. Evaluation of anti anorectic activity of the ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria fruit in animal model. Int J Curr Res Acad Rev 2015; 3: 151-165.
33. Jaiswal R, Kuhnert N. Identification and characterization of the phenolic glycosides of Lagenaria siceraria Stand. (Bottle Gourd) fruit by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62: 1261-1271.
34. Menpara D, Desai D, Rathod T, Chanda S. Evaluation of nutraceutical bottle gourd (Lagenaria Siceraria) as a potential source of natural antimicrobial agent. Am J Phytomed Clin Ther 2014; 2: 75-389.
35. Mishra MK. Antihyperlipidaemic and antiatherosclerotic activity of differentfractions of Lagenaria siceraria stem and leaves juice in hyperlipidaemic rats. Nat Prod An Ind J 2014; 10: 69-74.
36. Sharma NK, Yadav P, Singh HK, Shrivastava AK. In vitro antioxidant activity of Lagenaria Siceraria leaves. J Pharmaceu Sci 2014; 11: 1-11.
37. Tyagi N, Madan H, Pathak S. Phytochemical Screening and estimation of total phenolics and total flavonoid content of Lagenaria Siceraria, Praecitrullus Fistulosus (50:50) fruit and their mixture Int J Pharm Res Scholars 2014; 3: 882-890.
38. Deore SL, Nikole K, Baviskar BA, Khadabadi SS. Isolation and quantitative estimation of quercetin in Lagenaria siceraria fruit. J Chromatogr Sep Tech 2013; 4:191.
39. Elhadi M, Koko W S, Dahab M M, Imam ME, Mageed MA. Antigiardial Activity of some Cucurbita species and Lagenaria Siceraria Ihsan. J For Prod Ind 2013; 2: 43-47.
40.Sharma S, Upadhyay S, Mistry S, Shukla K, Upadhyay U, Mahajan S. Comparative anti bacterial activity of Lagenaria siceraria, Momordica charantia and Chenopodium ambrosioides against certain human pathogens. Pharma Sci Monit 2013; 4: 3376-3390.
41. Nadeem S, Dhore P, Quazi M, Pawar S, Raj N. Lagenaria Siceraria fruit extract ameliorate fat amassment and serum TNF–in high–fat diet–induced obese rats. Asian Pac J. Trop Med 2012; 5: 698-702.
42. Nainwal P, Damija K, Tripathi S. Study of Antihyperlipidemic effect of the juice of the fresh fruits of Lageraria siceraria. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2011; 3: 88-90.
43. Pawar JC, Khaimar PP, Chaudhari SR. Central nervous system activity of different extracts of Lagenaria
siceraria (Mol) Standl leaves parts. Inter J Pharma Res develop 2010; 2: 1-6.
44. Saha P, Sen SK, Bala A, Mazumder UK, Haldar PK. Evalution of anticancer activity of Lagenaria siceraria aerial parts. Inter J Canr Res 2011; 7: 244-253.
45. Saha PU, Mazumder UK, Haldar PK, Gupta M, Sen SK, Islam A. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of Lagenaria siceraria aerial parts. Phcog J 2011; 3: 22.
46. Mohale DS, Dewani AP, Saoji AN, Khadse CD. Antihyperlipidemic activity of isolated constituents from the fruits of Lagenaria siceraria in albino rats. Interl J Green Pharm 2008; 104-107.
47. Ghule BV, Ghante MH, Saoji AN, Yeole PG. Hypolipidemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of Lageraria siceraria fruit extract. Ind J Exp Bio 2006; 4: 905-909.
2. Sirohi P S, sivakami N. genetic diversity in cucurbits. Indian Hort 1991; 36: 45-463.
3. Saha P, Mazumder UK, Haldar PK, Islam A, Kumar RBS. Evaluation of acute and subchronic toxicity of Lagenaria siceraria aerial parts. Int J Pharma Sci Res 2011; 2): 1507-1512.
4. Kubde MS, Khadabadi SS, Farooqui IA, Deore SL, Lagenaria siceraria: Phytochemistry, pharmacognosy and pharmacological studies. Report and Opinion 2010; 2: 91-98.
5. Government of India Ministry of Health & family welfare Development of Indian system of Medicine & Homoeopathynew Delhi. The Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India 2007; 1: 215-216.
6. Shah BN, Seth AK. Screening of Lagenaria siceraria fruits for their analgesic activity. Rom J Biol – Plant Boil 2010; 55: 23–26.
7. The Wealth of India. A dictionary of Indian raw materials and industrial products. Raw materials. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research 2004; 16-19.
8. Shirwaikar A. Chemical investigation and antihepatotoxic activity of the fruits of Lagenaria siceraria. Indian J Pharm Sci 1996; 58: 197-202.
9. Calabrese N. Technological and qualitative aspects of calabash gourd. Lagenaria siceraria. (Molina) Standley for processing. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 2000; 492.
10. Baranoswka KM, Cisowski W. HPLC determination of flavone-C glycosides in some species of Cucurbitaceae family. J Chromatogram 1994; 675:240-243.
11. Chen CR, Chen HW, Chang CI. D: C-Friedooleanane-Type Triterpenoids from Lagenaria siceraria and their cytotoxic activity. Chem Pharm Bull 2008; 56: 385-388.
12.Kaushik Ghosh. Structural identification and cytotoxic activity of a polysaccharide from the fruits of Lagenaria siceraria (Lau). Carbohydr Res 2009; 344: 693-698.
13. Wang HX, Ng TB. Lagenin, a novel ribosome inactivating protein with ribonucleatic activity from bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) seeds. Life Sci 2000; 67: 2631-2638.
14. Khare CP. Indian Herbal Remedies: Rational Western Therapy, Ayurvedic and other traditional usage.1st edition, springer publisher, New York 2004: 522.
15. Ghule BV, Ghante MH, Yeole PG, Saoji AN. Diuretic activity of Lagenaria siceraria fruit extracts in rat. Indian J Pharm Sci 2007; 69: 817-819.
16. Saha P, Mazumder UK, Haldar PK, Islam A, Kumar RBS. Evaluation of acute and subchronic toxicity of lagenaria siceraria aerial parts. Int J Pharma Sci Res 2011; 2: 1507-1512.
17. Ghule BV, Ghante MH, Saoji AN, Yeole PG. Antihyperlipidemic effect of the methanolic extract from Lageraria siceraria fruit in hyperlipidemic rats. J Ethopharmacol 2009; 15:333.
18. Shah BN, Seth AK. Pharmacognostic studies of the Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) standley. Int J Pharm Tecnol Res 2010; 2:121-124.
19. Jayashree C, Khairnar PP, Chaudhary SR. Central nervous system activity of different extracts of Lagenaria siceraria (MOL) standl. leaves parts. Inter J Pharmaceu Res Develop 2010; 2: 1-12
20. Mali VR, Bodhankar SL. Effect of Lagenaria siceraria (LS) powder on dexamethasone induced hypertension in rats. Int J Advances Pharm Sci 2010; 1:50-53.
21. Saha P, Mazumdar UK, Haldar PK, Sen S.K, Naskar S. Antihyperglycemic activity of Lageraria Siceraria aerial parts on streptozotocin induce diabetes in rats. Original research article 2011; 40: 49-50.
22. Anaga AO, Ezeja MI, Amuzie CJ. Investigation of the aqueous fruit extract of Lagenaria siceraria for pharmacological activities in vitro and in vivo. Interl J Curr Res 2011; 8(2) 23.
23. Fard MH, Bodhankar SL, Dikshut M. Cardioprotective activity of fruit of Lageraria siceraria (molina) standley on Doxorubicin induced cardiotoxiicity in rats. Inter J Pharmacol 2008; 4: 466-471.
24. Duke JA. Handbook of biologically active phytochemicals and their activities. Boca Raton,FL CRC Press 1992.
25. Sanjana. Bottle gourd-gourd against diseases. Nutrihealth 2008.
26. Minocha S. An Overview on Lagenaria Siceraria (Bottle Gourd). Biomed Pharmaceu Res 2015; 4: 04-10.
27. Ahmed D, Ejaz N, Saeed R, Dar P. Cooking Effect on Anti-oxidative and alpha-amylase Inhibitory Potential of
Aqueous extract of Lagenaria siceraria fruit and its nutritional properties. Free Radicals Antioxid 2016; 6: 44-50.
28. Hasmukhlal TJ, Das SD, Amrutlal PC, Kantilal JG. Evaluation of antimutagenic potential of Lagenaria siceraria, Desmodium gangeticum and Leucas aspera. PTB Reports 2016; 2: 56-60.
29. Sharma D, Goel HC, Chauhan S. Radioprotective potential of Lagenaria siceraria extract against radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury. Appl Physiol, Nutr Metab 2016; 41: 1248-1254.
30. Dash P, Maharana L, Ghosh G. Proteolytic and milk clotting activity of fractionated protein of Lagenaria siceraria. J Appl Pharml Sci 2015; 5: 086-091.
31. Essien EE, Antia BS, Peter NS. Lagenaria Siceraria (Molina) Standley. Total polyphenols and antioxidant activity of seed oils of bottle gourd cultivars. World J Pharm Res 2015; 4: 274-285.
32. Kota K, Kumar S, Tahashildar J, Tahashildar J, Ahmed SY. Evaluation of anti anorectic activity of the ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria fruit in animal model. Int J Curr Res Acad Rev 2015; 3: 151-165.
33. Jaiswal R, Kuhnert N. Identification and characterization of the phenolic glycosides of Lagenaria siceraria Stand. (Bottle Gourd) fruit by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62: 1261-1271.
34. Menpara D, Desai D, Rathod T, Chanda S. Evaluation of nutraceutical bottle gourd (Lagenaria Siceraria) as a potential source of natural antimicrobial agent. Am J Phytomed Clin Ther 2014; 2: 75-389.
35. Mishra MK. Antihyperlipidaemic and antiatherosclerotic activity of differentfractions of Lagenaria siceraria stem and leaves juice in hyperlipidaemic rats. Nat Prod An Ind J 2014; 10: 69-74.
36. Sharma NK, Yadav P, Singh HK, Shrivastava AK. In vitro antioxidant activity of Lagenaria Siceraria leaves. J Pharmaceu Sci 2014; 11: 1-11.
37. Tyagi N, Madan H, Pathak S. Phytochemical Screening and estimation of total phenolics and total flavonoid content of Lagenaria Siceraria, Praecitrullus Fistulosus (50:50) fruit and their mixture Int J Pharm Res Scholars 2014; 3: 882-890.
38. Deore SL, Nikole K, Baviskar BA, Khadabadi SS. Isolation and quantitative estimation of quercetin in Lagenaria siceraria fruit. J Chromatogr Sep Tech 2013; 4:191.
39. Elhadi M, Koko W S, Dahab M M, Imam ME, Mageed MA. Antigiardial Activity of some Cucurbita species and Lagenaria Siceraria Ihsan. J For Prod Ind 2013; 2: 43-47.
40.Sharma S, Upadhyay S, Mistry S, Shukla K, Upadhyay U, Mahajan S. Comparative anti bacterial activity of Lagenaria siceraria, Momordica charantia and Chenopodium ambrosioides against certain human pathogens. Pharma Sci Monit 2013; 4: 3376-3390.
41. Nadeem S, Dhore P, Quazi M, Pawar S, Raj N. Lagenaria Siceraria fruit extract ameliorate fat amassment and serum TNF–in high–fat diet–induced obese rats. Asian Pac J. Trop Med 2012; 5: 698-702.
42. Nainwal P, Damija K, Tripathi S. Study of Antihyperlipidemic effect of the juice of the fresh fruits of Lageraria siceraria. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2011; 3: 88-90.
43. Pawar JC, Khaimar PP, Chaudhari SR. Central nervous system activity of different extracts of Lagenaria
siceraria (Mol) Standl leaves parts. Inter J Pharma Res develop 2010; 2: 1-6.
44. Saha P, Sen SK, Bala A, Mazumder UK, Haldar PK. Evalution of anticancer activity of Lagenaria siceraria aerial parts. Inter J Canr Res 2011; 7: 244-253.
45. Saha PU, Mazumder UK, Haldar PK, Gupta M, Sen SK, Islam A. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of Lagenaria siceraria aerial parts. Phcog J 2011; 3: 22.
46. Mohale DS, Dewani AP, Saoji AN, Khadse CD. Antihyperlipidemic activity of isolated constituents from the fruits of Lagenaria siceraria in albino rats. Interl J Green Pharm 2008; 104-107.
47. Ghule BV, Ghante MH, Saoji AN, Yeole PG. Hypolipidemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of Lageraria siceraria fruit extract. Ind J Exp Bio 2006; 4: 905-909.
Published
30/06/2017
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[1]
N. T. Nidhi Tyagi, G. N. S. Ganesh N Sharma, and B. S. Bhirendra Shrivastava, “Medicinal value of Lagenaria siceraria: An overview”, Int J Indig Herb Drug, pp. 36-43, Jun. 2017.
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